The researcher might divide the questions on the questionnaire in half and administer both questionnaires separately. For example, the researcher has developed questionnaire to test the attitude of people towards any state program. Each half is tested separately and then their scores are correlated.
Which means that the items, that test the attitude or behavior, are divided into half. (2000.a) in Research Methodology stated that he idea behind internal consistency reliability is that items measuring the same phenomenon should produce similar results. This type of reliability test is useful for subjective measures where more than one rater can best describe the reliability of the test. The researcher asks more than one people to rate the reliability of his test. Inter-rater reliability check is used to measure the test by more than one rater or judge. In social sciences, using parallel forms of the same test is difficult and subjectivity is highly involved. The researcher may also find it difficult to administer it to two similar populations. The difficulty arises in formulating two tests that are similar in nature and measurement level. The researcher must be able to formulate two different tests that measure the same variables. Both forms of the test measure the same variables under study, but the format of the measure is different. It measures the reliability of the test by administering it in two different forms. This method of testing the reliability of the test is time-consuming, since the researcher has to wait for some time to re-administer the test. The results of the tests and the inferences drawn have to be applied to natural settings, they should be reliable. In natural sciences, the researcher conducts experiment more than one time to ascertain its reliability. In social sciences, a test is administered more than one time over a period of time to check or retest its reliability. Test-retest reliability measures the reliability of the measure over a period of time. There are several external factors that influence the human behaviors and it is very important to know the effect of any such factor other than the independent variable. However, in social sciences it is difficult to achieve reliability in the data collection, because, human behaviors are difficult to repeat even in similar situations. In social sciences, the researcher uses logic to achieve more reliable results. In experiments, the question of reliability can be overcome by repeating the experiments again and again. Theories are developed from the research inferences when it proves to be highly reliable. Researchers repeat research again and again in different settings to compare the reliability of the research.
In the research, reliability is the degree to which the results of the research are consistent and repeatable. Definitions of reliability and validity Reliability
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